morePlants |
Plant groups Photosynthesis Sexual reproduction Asexual reproduction Transpiration
Plant Groups
Plants differ from animals in the way they obtain food:
The only way an animal can obtain food is by eating
something that is (or used to be) alive.
A plant can manufacture food using simple chemicals from the environment.
This process is called photosynthesis and is unique to the plant kingdom
1.Flowering plants: produce SEEDS. Eg grass, apple,
oak, rose
The other groups are all NON-FLOWERING PLANTS do NOT produce seeds. Eg algae, moss and fungi.)
2. Algae Single celled plants. Reproduce asexually by binary fission. Live in wet places. Have no leaves or roots.
3. Moss Reproduces asexually by making spores. Live in damp, shady places.
4. Ferns and Horsetails: plants that have a tough fibrous stem and grow from a rhizome just under the surface of the soil . Reproduce by making spores
Fungi are not true plants as they do not possess green chlorophyll so cannot carry out photosynthesis.
They take their food from the material they are growing on/in.
They reproduce asexually by making spores.
Examples of different fungi: mushroom, yeast, mould.
Fungi (along with bacteria) are very important in the food chain
for the recycling of nutrients in the soil.
more
Some fungi are harmful and can cause disease in crops (eg potato blight).
Some fungi are useful to man eg yeast which is used to ferment sugar and produce alcohol in the brewing industry.
Structure of a flowering plant
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FLOWER: Contains the reproductive organs. Where the plant makes seeds. Flowers that are insect pollinated (eg rose) have colourful or scented petals to attract insects. Wind pollinated plants (eg grass) do not have petals but still have flowers. STEM Transports food and water around the plant. Holds apart the leaves and flowers. LEAVES Where photosynthesis is carried out. They have a large surface area to absorb as much sunlight as possible. ROOTS: Absorb water and dissolved mineral salts from the ground. Support the plant in the soil so it doesn't blow over. The root hairs increase the surface area of the root. |
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